Epilepsy- Diagnosis and Medical Management

Investigation

1. Hematology
2. Biochemical analysis (electrolytes, urea, and calcium)
3. Chest X-ray
4. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
5. CT scan
6. MRI
7. Positron emission tomography (PET) 
8. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)

Medical Management

• If the patient goes 3 years without an attack, withdrawal of therapy should be recommended.

  

  Drug for epilepsy

  
  
• The commonest drugs used:
• Carbamazepine
• Sodium Valproate/valproic acid
• Phenytoin (chronically produce facial features and hirsutism (looks like man face)
• Phenobarbitone
• Lamotrigine
• Gabapentin
• Topiramate
• Tiagabine
• Zonisamide
• Oxcarbazepine
• Levetiracetam
• Lorazepam
• Diazepam
• Ethosuximide
• Clonazepam

👉The broadest anti-epileptic drug is Sodium Valproate.

Drugs for partial epilepsy

1st – Carbamazepine

2nd – sodium Valproate

Drugs for Tonic-clonic Generalised Epilepsy

1st – Sodium valproate

2nd – Lamotrigine

Drugs for Generalised Absence Epilepsy

1st – Ethosuximide

2nd – Sodium valproate

Drugs for Myoclonic Epilepsy

1st – Sodium valproate

2nd – Clonazepam

Drugs for Status Epilepticus

1st – Diazepam or Lorazepam

2nd – phenytoin or Fosphenytoin