Care plan for the burn patients

 Care plan for the burn patients

Three broad aspects are involved: Reconstruction, Rehabilitation, Reintegration.

Modern burn care may be divided into the following four general phases:

1. The first phase, initial evaluation, and resuscitation occurs on days 1-3 after the burn and requires an accurate assessment for adequate fluid resuscitation and thorough evaluation for associated injuries to nerves, muscles, bones, and systemic complications such as cardiorespiratory failure, hepatic failure, and renal failure.

2. The second phase, initial wound excision followed by wound closure using biological skin/artificial skin as temporary cover. This is done by a series of operations within the first few days after injury 

3. The third phase, final wound closure, involves the replacement of temporary wound covers with a definitive cover, there is also a reconstruction of small surface wound area with higher complexity, such as the face and hands.

4. The Fourth phase of care is rehabilitation, reconstruction, and reintegration. 

This begins with simple positioning and movements during the resuscitation period and progressively becomes more complex and time-consuming, incorporating multidisciplinary involvement toward the end of the hospital stay.

Events associated with a burn incident, such as smoke inhalation, jumping from a burning building, being struck by debris, or being a victim of a motor vehicle or air crash, may cause other associated secondary injuries such as TBI, fractures, spinal injuries, and respiratory distress, all of which contribute to the overall morbidity, the outcome of treatment and final mortality of the burn injury.